> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.sqd.dev/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

<AgentInstructions>

## Submitting Feedback

If you encounter incorrect, outdated, or confusing documentation on this page, submit feedback:

POST https://docs.sqd.dev/feedback

```json
{
  "path": "/en/portal/solana/examples/dex-swaps",
  "feedback": "Description of the issue"
}
```

Only submit feedback when you have something specific and actionable to report.

</AgentInstructions>

# Index Solana DEX Swaps

> Track Solana DEX trading activity through the SQD Portal — sample queries for Raydium, Orca, Jupiter, and other Solana decentralized exchanges.

export const QueryInterfaceSolanaDexSwaps = () => {
  const useCasesConfig = [{
    id: "orca-whirlpool-swaps",
    name: "Track Orca Whirlpool swaps",
    network: "solana-mainnet",
    payload: {
      type: "solana",
      fromBlock: 280000000,
      toBlock: 280000003,
      fields: {
        block: {
          number: true,
          timestamp: true
        },
        instruction: {
          programId: true,
          accounts: true,
          data: true,
          transactionIndex: true
        }
      },
      instructions: [{
        programId: ["whirLbMiicVdio4qvUfM5KAg6Ct8VwpYzGff3uctyCc"],
        d8: ["0xf8c69e91e17587c8"]
      }]
    }
  }];
  const [queryFormat, setQueryFormat] = useState("curl");
  const [useCase, setUseCase] = useState("orca-whirlpool-swaps");
  const [response, setResponse] = useState("");
  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
  const [error, setError] = useState(null);
  const [viewMode, setViewMode] = useState("code");
  const [copied, setCopied] = useState(false);
  const generateCurlCommand = config => {
    const url = `https://portal.sqd.dev/datasets/${config.network}/stream`;
    const payload = JSON.stringify(config.payload, null, 2);
    return `curl --compressed -X POST '${url}' \\\n  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \\\n  -d '${payload}'`;
  };
  useEffect(() => {
    setViewMode("code");
    setResponse("");
    setError(null);
  }, [useCase]);
  const handleRun = async () => {
    const selectedUseCase = useCasesConfig.find(uc => uc.id === useCase);
    if (!selectedUseCase) return;
    setViewMode("output");
    setLoading(true);
    setError(null);
    setResponse('');
    try {
      const url = `https://portal.sqd.dev/datasets/${selectedUseCase.network}/stream`;
      const response = await fetch(url, {
        method: 'POST',
        headers: {
          'Content-Type': 'application/json'
        },
        body: JSON.stringify(selectedUseCase.payload)
      });
      if (!response.ok) {
        throw new Error(`API request failed: ${response.status} ${response.statusText}`);
      }
      const text = await response.text();
      if (text.trim()) {
        const lines = text.trim().split('\n');
        const parsedData = lines.map((line, index) => {
          try {
            return JSON.parse(line);
          } catch (e) {
            return {
              error: `Failed to parse line ${index + 1}`,
              raw: line
            };
          }
        });
        const formattedOutput = parsedData.map(obj => JSON.stringify(obj, null, 2)).join('\n\n');
        setResponse(formattedOutput);
      } else {
        setResponse('No data returned from API');
      }
    } catch (err) {
      setError(err.message || 'An error occurred while fetching data');
      setResponse('');
    } finally {
      setLoading(false);
    }
  };
  return <div className="not-prose w-full my-6 sm:my-8">

      <div className="bg-white dark:bg-gray-950 rounded-xl p-4 sm:p-6 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-800 shadow-sm">
        <div className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row items-start sm:items-center gap-3 sm:gap-4 mb-4">
          <label className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 whitespace-nowrap">
            Response
          </label>

          <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3 flex-1 w-full">
            <div className="relative flex-shrink-0">
              <select value={queryFormat} onChange={e => setQueryFormat(e.target.value)} className="appearance-none bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-900 border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-700 rounded-xl px-4 py-2.5 pr-10 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-[#2563eb] dark:focus:ring-[#2563eb] cursor-pointer transition-all">
                <option value="curl">curl</option>
              </select>
              <div className="absolute inset-y-0 right-0 flex items-center pr-3 pointer-events-none">
                <svg className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
                  <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M19 9l-7 7-7-7" />
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>

            <div className="relative flex-shrink-0 flex-1 min-w-[200px]">
              <select value={useCase} onChange={e => setUseCase(e.target.value)} className="appearance-none w-full bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-900 border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-700 rounded-xl px-4 py-2.5 pr-10 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-[#2563eb] dark:focus:ring-[#2563eb] cursor-pointer transition-all">
                {useCasesConfig.map(uc => <option key={uc.id} value={uc.id}>
                    {uc.name}
                  </option>)}
              </select>
              <div className="absolute inset-y-0 right-0 flex items-center pr-3 pointer-events-none">
                <svg className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
                  <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M19 9l-7 7-7-7" />
                </svg>
              </div>
            </div>

            <button onClick={handleRun} type="button" disabled={loading} className="flex items-center gap-2 bg-[#2563eb] hover:bg-[#1e40af] dark:bg-[#2563eb] dark:hover:bg-[#1e40af] disabled:bg-gray-400 disabled:cursor-not-allowed text-white font-semibold px-6 py-2.5 rounded-xl transition-all duration-200 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-[#2563eb] focus:ring-offset-2 dark:focus:ring-offset-gray-950 whitespace-nowrap shadow-sm hover:shadow-md">
              {loading ? <>
                  <svg className="animate-spin h-4 w-4" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
                    <circle className="opacity-25" cx="12" cy="12" r="10" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth="4"></circle>
                    <path className="opacity-75" fill="currentColor" d="M4 12a8 8 0 018-8V0C5.373 0 0 5.373 0 12h4zm2 5.291A7.962 7.962 0 014 12H0c0 3.042 1.135 5.824 3 7.938l3-2.647z"></path>
                  </svg>
                  Loading...
                </> : <>
                  <svg className="w-4 h-4" fill="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 20 20">
                    <path d="M6.3 2.841A1.5 1.5 0 004 4.11V15.89a1.5 1.5 0 002.3 1.269l9.344-5.89a1.5 1.5 0 000-2.538L6.3 2.84z" />
                  </svg>
                  RUN
                </>}
            </button>
          </div>
        </div>

        {error && <div className="mt-4 p-4 bg-red-50 dark:bg-red-900/20 border border-red-200 dark:border-red-800 rounded-xl">
            <p className="text-sm text-red-800 dark:text-red-200 font-medium">Error: {error}</p>
          </div>}

        <div className="mt-4 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-950 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-800 rounded-xl overflow-hidden h-[450px] flex flex-col">
          <div className="bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-900 border-b border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-800 px-4 py-2.5 flex items-center justify-between">
            <span className="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">
              {viewMode === "code" ? "Request" : "Response"}
            </span>
            <button onClick={() => {
    const textToCopy = viewMode === "code" ? generateCurlCommand(useCasesConfig.find(uc => uc.id === useCase)) : response;
    navigator.clipboard.writeText(textToCopy);
    setCopied(true);
    setTimeout(() => setCopied(false), 2000);
  }} className={`flex items-center gap-1.5 transition-colors ${copied ? "text-[#2563eb] dark:text-[#60a5fa]" : "text-gray-500 hover:text-[#2563eb] dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-[#60a5fa]"}`} title={copied ? "Copied!" : "Copy to clipboard"}>
              {copied ? <>
                  <svg className="w-4 h-4" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
                    <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M5 13l4 4L19 7" />
                  </svg>
                  <span className="text-xs font-medium">Copied!</span>
                </> : <svg className="w-4 h-4" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
                  <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" strokeWidth={2} d="M8 16H6a2 2 0 01-2-2V6a2 2 0 012-2h8a2 2 0 012 2v2m-6 12h8a2 2 0 002-2v-8a2 2 0 00-2-2h-8a2 2 0 00-2 2v8a2 2 0 002 2z" />
                </svg>}
            </button>
          </div>
          <div className="flex-1 overflow-auto p-3 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-950">
            {loading ? <div className="flex items-center justify-center h-full">
                <div className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">Fetching data from Portal API...</div>
              </div> : viewMode === "code" ? <div key={`code-${useCase}`} style={{
    position: 'relative'
  }}>
                <pre style={{
    margin: 0,
    padding: '1rem',
    background: 'var(--hl-bg)',
    borderRadius: '0.75rem',
    overflow: 'auto',
    fontSize: '0.875rem',
    lineHeight: '1.5',
    fontFamily: 'ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, monospace',
    color: 'var(--hl-cmd)'
  }}>
                  <code key={`curl-code-${useCase}`} style={{
    counterReset: 'line'
  }}>
                    {generateCurlCommand(useCasesConfig.find(uc => uc.id === useCase)).trim().split('\n').map((line, i) => <div key={`curl-line-${i}`} style={{
    display: 'flex',
    position: 'relative',
    paddingLeft: '3.5em',
    minHeight: '1.5em',
    lineHeight: '1.5'
  }}>
                        <span style={{
    position: 'absolute',
    left: 0,
    width: '2.5em',
    textAlign: 'right',
    color: 'var(--hl-line-num)',
    userSelect: 'none',
    paddingRight: '1em',
    lineHeight: '1.5'
  }}>{i + 1}</span>
                        <span style={{
    whiteSpace: 'pre-wrap',
    wordBreak: 'break-word',
    color: 'var(--hl-cmd)',
    lineHeight: '1.5'
  }}>
                          {line.includes('curl') && <span style={{
    color: 'var(--hl-key)'
  }}>{line}</span>}
                          {!line.includes('curl') && line.match(/^\s*-[XHd]/) && <>
                              <span style={{
    color: 'var(--hl-flag)'
  }}>{line.match(/^\s*-[XHd]/)[0]}</span>
                              <span style={{
    color: 'var(--hl-cmd)'
  }}>{line.substring(line.match(/^\s*-[XHd]/)[0].length)}</span>
                            </>}
                          {!line.includes('curl') && !line.match(/^\s*-[XHd]/) && line.match(/'[^']*'/) && <>
                              {line.split(/'([^']*)'/).map((part, j) => j % 2 === 1 ? <span key={`curl-part-${i}-${j}`} style={{
    color: 'var(--hl-str)'
  }}>'{part}'</span> : <span key={`curl-part-${i}-${j}`} style={{
    color: 'var(--hl-cmd)'
  }}>{part}</span>)}
                            </>}
                          {!line.includes('curl') && !line.match(/^\s*-[XHd]/) && !line.match(/'[^']*'/) && <span style={{
    color: 'var(--hl-cmd)'
  }}>{line}</span>}
                        </span>
                      </div>)}
                  </code>
                </pre>
              </div> : response ? <div key={`response-${useCase}-${response.length}`} style={{
    position: 'relative'
  }}>
                <pre style={{
    margin: 0,
    padding: '1rem',
    background: 'var(--hl-bg)',
    borderRadius: '0.75rem',
    overflow: 'auto',
    fontSize: '0.875rem',
    lineHeight: '1.5',
    fontFamily: 'ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, monospace',
    color: 'var(--hl-cmd)'
  }}>
                  <code key={`response-code-${useCase}-${response.length}`}>
                    {response.trim().split('\n').map((line, i) => <div key={`response-line-${i}`} style={{
    display: 'flex',
    position: 'relative',
    paddingLeft: '3.5em',
    minHeight: '1.5em',
    lineHeight: '1.5'
  }}>
                        <span style={{
    position: 'absolute',
    left: 0,
    width: '2.5em',
    textAlign: 'right',
    color: 'var(--hl-line-num)',
    userSelect: 'none',
    paddingRight: '1em',
    lineHeight: '1.5'
  }}>{i + 1}</span>
                        <span style={{
    whiteSpace: 'pre-wrap',
    wordBreak: 'break-word',
    color: 'var(--hl-cmd)',
    lineHeight: '1.5'
  }}>
                          {line.match(/"[^"]+":/) ? <>
                              {line.split(/("[^"]+":)/).map((part, j) => part.match(/^"[^"]+":$/) ? <span key={`resp-part-${i}-${j}`} style={{
    color: 'var(--hl-flag)'
  }}>{part}</span> : part.match(/^"[^"]+"$/) ? <span key={`resp-part-${i}-${j}`} style={{
    color: 'var(--hl-str)'
  }}>{part}</span> : <span key={`resp-part-${i}-${j}`} style={{
    color: 'var(--hl-cmd)'
  }}>{part}</span>)}
                            </> : <span style={{
    color: 'var(--hl-cmd)'
  }}>{line}</span>}
                        </span>
                      </div>)}
                  </code>
                </pre>
              </div> : <div className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 text-center h-full flex items-center justify-center">
                No data returned from API
              </div>}
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>;
};

Monitor Orca Whirlpool swap instructions to build DEX analytics dashboards, analyze liquidity patterns, or create price feeds.

## Use Case

DEX swap tracking enables you to:

* Build DEX trading analytics and volume trackers
* Monitor liquidity pool activity
* Analyze trading patterns and arbitrage
* Create real-time price feeds

## Code Example

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={"system"}
  curl --compressed -X POST 'https://portal.sqd.dev/datasets/solana-mainnet/stream' \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -d '{
      "type": "solana",
      "fromBlock": 280000000,
      "toBlock": 280000003,
      "fields": {
        "block": {
          "number": true,
          "timestamp": true
        },
        "instruction": {
          "programId": true,
          "accounts": true,
          "data": true,
          "transactionIndex": true
        }
      },
      "instructions": [{
        "programId": ["whirLbMiicVdio4qvUfM5KAg6Ct8VwpYzGff3uctyCc"],
        "d8": ["0xf8c69e91e17587c8"]
      }]
    }'
  ```

  ```typescript TypeScript theme={"system"}
  import { DataSource } from "@subsquid/portal-client";

  const dataSource = new DataSource({
    network: "solana-mainnet",
  });

  // Orca Whirlpool program ID
  const WHIRLPOOL_PROGRAM = "whirLbMiicVdio4qvUfM5KAg6Ct8VwpYzGff3uctyCc";
  // Swap instruction discriminator (first 8 bytes)
  const SWAP_D8 = "0xf8c69e91e17587c8";

  const blocks = await dataSource.getBlocks({
    from: 280000000,
    to: 280000003,
    fields: {
      block: { number: true, timestamp: true },
      instruction: {
        programId: true,
        accounts: true,
        data: true,
        transactionIndex: true,
      },
    },
    instructions: [
      {
        programId: [WHIRLPOOL_PROGRAM],
        d8: [SWAP_D8],
      },
    ],
  });

  // Process swaps
  for (const block of blocks) {
    for (const instruction of block.instructions) {
      console.log({
        slot: block.header.number,
        timestamp: block.header.timestamp,
        pool: instruction.accounts[2], // Whirlpool account (typically at index 2)
        txIndex: instruction.transactionIndex,
        // Decode swap amounts from instruction.data as needed
      });
    }
  }
  ```

  ```python Python theme={"system"}
  import requests
  import json

  url = "https://portal.sqd.dev/datasets/solana-mainnet/stream"
  headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}

  # Orca Whirlpool program ID
  whirlpool_program = "whirLbMiicVdio4qvUfM5KAg6Ct8VwpYzGff3uctyCc"
  # Swap instruction discriminator
  swap_d8 = "0xf8c69e91e17587c8"

  payload = {
      "type": "solana",
      "fromBlock": 280000000,
      "toBlock": 280000003,
      "fields": {
          "block": {
              "number": True,
              "timestamp": True
          },
          "instruction": {
              "programId": True,
              "accounts": True,
              "data": True,
              "transactionIndex": True
          }
      },
      "instructions": [{
          "programId": [whirlpool_program],
          "d8": [swap_d8]
      }]
  }

  response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=payload)

  for line in response.text.strip().split('\n'):
      block = json.loads(line)
      for instruction in block.get('instructions', []):
          print({
              "slot": block['header']['number'],
              "timestamp": block['header']['timestamp'],
              "pool": instruction['accounts'][2] if len(instruction['accounts']) > 2 else None,
              "txIndex": instruction['transactionIndex']
          })
  ```
</CodeGroup>

<Info>Try it yourself with the interactive query interface below:</Info>

<QueryInterfaceSolanaDexSwaps />

## Key Parameters

| Parameter   | Description                                                 |
| ----------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
| `programId` | DEX program address (e.g., Orca Whirlpool)                  |
| `d8`        | 8-byte instruction discriminator for swap instruction       |
| `accounts`  | Instruction account addresses (includes pool, tokens, etc.) |
| `data`      | Instruction data payload (contains swap amounts)            |

<Note>
  Different DEX protocols use different instruction discriminators. Check the
  program IDL to find the correct discriminator for your target DEX.
</Note>

## Expected Output

```json theme={"system"}
{
  "header": {
    "number": 259985000,
    "timestamp": 1697544779
  },
  "instructions": [
    {
      "programId": "whirLbMiicVdio4qvUfM5KAg6Ct8VwpYzGff3uctyCc",
      "accounts": ["7qbRF6YsyGuLUVs6Y1q64bdVrfe4ZcUUz1JRdoVNUJnm", "..."],
      "data": "base58encodeddata...",
      "transactionIndex": 0
    }
  ]
}
```

## Track Specific Pool

Monitor swaps for a specific trading pair:

<CodeGroup>
  ```bash curl theme={"system"}
  curl --compressed -X POST 'https://portal.sqd.dev/datasets/solana-mainnet/stream' \
    -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
    -d '{
      "type": "solana",
      "fromBlock": 280000000,
      "toBlock": 280000003,
      "fields": {
        "instruction": {
          "programId": true,
          "accounts": true,
          "data": true
        }
      },
      "instructions": [{
        "programId": ["whirLbMiicVdio4qvUfM5KAg6Ct8VwpYzGff3uctyCc"],
        "d8": ["0xf8c69e91e17587c8"],
        "accounts": ["7qbRF6YsyGuLUVs6Y1q64bdVrfe4ZcUUz1JRdoVNUJnm"]
      }]
    }'
  ```

  ```typescript TypeScript theme={"system"}
  const USDC_SOL_POOL = "7qbRF6YsyGuLUVs6Y1q64bdVrfe4ZcUUz1JRdoVNUJnm"; // USDC/SOL pool

  const blocks = await dataSource.getBlocks({
    from: 280000000,
    to: 280000003,
    fields: {
      instruction: { programId: true, accounts: true, data: true },
    },
    instructions: [
      {
        programId: ["whirLbMiicVdio4qvUfM5KAg6Ct8VwpYzGff3uctyCc"],
        d8: ["0xf8c69e91e17587c8"],
        accounts: [USDC_SOL_POOL], // Filter by pool account
      },
    ],
  });
  ```

  ```python Python theme={"system"}
  usdc_sol_pool = "7qbRF6YsyGuLUVs6Y1q64bdVrfe4ZcUUz1JRdoVNUJnm"

  payload = {
      "type": "solana",
      "fromBlock": 280000000,
      "toBlock": 280000003,
      "fields": {
          "instruction": {
              "programId": True,
              "accounts": True,
              "data": True
          }
      },
      "instructions": [{
          "programId": ["whirLbMiicVdio4qvUfM5KAg6Ct8VwpYzGff3uctyCc"],
          "d8": ["0xf8c69e91e17587c8"],
          "accounts": [usdc_sol_pool]
      }]
  }
  ```
</CodeGroup>

## Decode Swap Amounts

Swap amounts are encoded in the `data` field. Here's how to decode them for Orca Whirlpool:

<Tip>
  Use the Solana typegen tool to generate TypeScript decoders from program IDLs.
  See the [Solana SDK typegen
  documentation](/en/sdk/squid-sdk/solana-indexing/sdk/typegen) for details.
</Tip>

## Performance Tips

1. **Filter by pool address**: Query specific pools instead of all swaps
2. **Use slot ranges**: Process data in 10k-50k slot batches
3. **Decode off-chain**: Decode swap amounts in your application, not in the query
4. **Combine with token balances**: Use token balances to track actual amounts transferred

## Related Examples

<CardGroup cols={2}>
  <Card title="Query Instructions" icon="code" href="/en/portal/solana/examples/query-instructions">
    General instruction querying
  </Card>

  <Card title="Token Transfers" icon="coins" href="/en/portal/solana/examples/token-transfers">
    Track token movements
  </Card>

  <Card title="Query Transactions" icon="arrow-right-arrow-left" href="/en/portal/solana/examples/query-transactions">
    Monitor wallet activity
  </Card>

  <Card title="API Reference" icon="book" href="/en/portal/solana/api">
    View complete API docs
  </Card>
</CardGroup>